Albert Bandura
Albert Bandura
Albert Bandura OCis a psychologist who is the David Starr Jordan Professor Emeritus of Social Science in Psychology at Stanford University. For almost six decades, he has been responsible for contributions to the field of education and to many fields of psychology, including social cognitive theory, therapy, and personality psychology, and was also influential in the transition between behaviorism and cognitive psychology. He is known as the originator of social learning theory and the theoretical construct of self-efficacy, and is...
NationalityCanadian
ProfessionPsychologist
Date of Birth4 December 1925
CountryCanada
Albert Bandura quotes about
To grant thought causal efficacy is not to invoke a disembodied mental state
Because of such conjointedness, behavior that exerts no effect whatsoever on outcomes is developed and consistently performed
The presence of many interacting influences, including the attainments of others, create further leeway in how one's performances and outcomes are cognitively appraised
The adequacy of performance attainments depends upon the personal standards against which they are judged
Self-appraisals are influenced by evaluative reactions of others
Even noteworthy performance attainments do not necessarily boost perceived self-efficacy
If self-efficacy is lacking, people tend to behave ineffectually, even though they know what to do.
Even the self-assured will raise their perceived self-efficacy if models teach them better ways of doing things.
Misbeliefs in one's inefficacy may retard development of the very subskills upon which more complex performances depend
In the self-appraisal of efficacy, there are many sources of information that must be processed and weighed through self-referent thought
People's judgments of their capabilities to organize and execute courses of action required to attain designated types of performances.
We find that people's beliefs about their efficacy affect the sorts of choices they make in very significant ways. In particular, it affects their levels of motivation and perseverance in the face of obstacles. Most success requires persistent effort, so low self-efficacy becomes a self-limiting process. In order to succeed, people need a sense of self-efficacy, strung together with resilience to meet the inevitable obstacles and inequities of life.
From the social cognitive perspective, it is mainly perceived inefficacy to cope with potentially aversive events that makes them fearsome. To the extent that people believe they can prevent, terminate, or lessen the severity of aversive events, they have little reason to be perturbed by them. But if they believe they are unable to manage threats safely, they have much cause for apprehension
As a general rule, moderate levels of arousal facilitate deployment of skills, whereas high arousal disrupts it. This is especially true of complex activities requiring intricate organization of behavior